@article {321,
	title = {Hyperpolarized xenon nuclear spins detected by optical atomic magnetometry},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	volume = {93},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Phys Rev Lett863ATTimes Cited:32Cited References Count:22},
	month = {Oct 15},
	abstract = {<p>We report the use of an atomic magnetometer based on nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with frequency-modulated light to detect nuclear magnetization of xenon gas. The magnetization of a spin-exchange-polarized xenon sample (1.7 cm(3) at a pressure of 5 bars, natural isotopic abundance, polarization 1\%), prepared remotely to the detection apparatus, is measured with an atomic sensor. An average magnetic field of similar to10 nG induced by the xenon sample on the 10 cm diameter atomic sensor is detected with signal-to-noise ratio similar to10, limited by residual noise in the magnetic environment. The possibility of using modern atomic magnetometers as detectors of nuclear magnetic resonance and in magnetic resonance imaging is discussed. Atomic magnetometers appear to be ideally suited for emerging low-field and remote-detection magnetic resonance applications.</p>
},
	keywords = {mri},
	isbn = {0031-9007},
	doi = {Doi 10.1103/Physrevlett.93.160801},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000224533300012},
	author = {Yashchuk, V. V. and Granwehr, J. and Kimball, D. F. and Rochester, S. M. and Trabesinger, A. H. and Urban, J. T. and Budker, D. and Pines, A.}
}
@article {332,
	title = {SQUID-detected magnetic resonance imaging in microtesla magnetic fields},
	journal = {Journal of Low Temperature Physics},
	volume = {135},
	year = {2004},
	note = {J Low Temp Phys824TWTimes Cited:37Cited References Count:34},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {793-821},
	abstract = {<p>We describe studies of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of liquid samples at room temperature in microtesla magnetic fields. The nuclear spins are prepolarized in a strong transient field. The magnetic signals generated by the precessing spins, which range in frequency from tens of Hz to several kHz, are detected by a low-transition temperature dc SQUID (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device) coupled to an untuned, superconducting flux transformer configured as an axial gradiometer. The combination of prepolarization and frequency-independent detector sensitivity results in a high signal-to-noise ratio and high spectral resolution (similar to 1 Hz) even in grossly inhomogeneous magnetic fields. In the NMR experiments, the high spectral resolution enables us to detect the 10-Hz splitting of the spectrum of protons due to their scalar coupling to a P-31 nucleus. Furthermore, the broadband detection scheme combined with a non-resonant field-reversal spin echo allows the simultaneous observation of signals from protons and P-31 nuclei, even though their NMR resonance frequencies differ by a factor of 2.5. We extend our methodology to MRI in microtesla fields, where the high spectral resolution translates into high spatial resolution. We demonstrate two-dimensional images of a mineral oil phantom and slices of peppers, with a spatial resolution of about 1 mm. We also image an intact pepper using slice selection, again with 1-mm, resolution. A further experiments we demonstrate T-1-contrast imaging of a water phantom, some parts of which were doped with a paramagnetic salt to reduce the longitudinal relaxation time T-1. Possible applications of this MRI technique include screening for tumors and integration with existing multichannel SQUID systems for brain imaging.</p>
},
	keywords = {mri},
	isbn = {0022-2291},
	doi = {Doi 10.1023/B:Jolt.0000029519.09286.C5},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000221710600023},
	author = {McDermott, R. and Kelso, N. and Lee, S. K. and Mossle, M. and M{\"u}ck, M. and Myers, W. and ten Haken, B. and Seton, H. C. and Trabesinger, A. H. and Pines, A. and Clarke, J.}
}
